White spot syndrome virus: an overview on an emergent concern

Viruses are ubiquitous and extremely abundant in the marine environment. One of such marine viruses, the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), has emerged globally as one of the most prevalent, widespread and lethal for shrimp populations. However, at present there is no treatment available to interfere with the unrestrained occurrence and spread of the disease. The recent progress in molecular biology techniques has made it possible to obtain information on the factors, mechanisms and strategies used by this virus to infect and replicate in susceptible host cells. Yet, further research is still required to fully understand the basic nature of WSSV, its exact life cycle and mode of infection. This information will expand our knowledge and may contribute to developing effective prophylactic or therapeutic measures. This review provides a state-of-the-art overview of the topic, and emphasizes the current progress and future direction for the development of WSSV control strategies.     

月季RcLEA基因表达提高大肠杆菌对非生物胁迫耐性

[目的]研究RcLEA基因在月季品种中热诱导表达模式及RcLEA基因对多种非生物胁迫耐性。[方法]将耐热和不耐热月季品种进行38℃/3h热激处理,研究RCLEA基因在月季品种中的热诱导。表达模式;为验证月季RcLEA基因功能,将其转化E.coliBL21,将重组菌株BL21分别置于4℃、50℃及LiCl、NaCl、Na2CO3、CdCl2、H2O2胁迫下,研究重组菌株对高温、低温及非生物胁迫的响应。[结果]38℃/3h热激处理后,该基因在耐热月季品种‘曼海姆宫殿’（Schlossmannieim,SM）、‘赌城’（Lasvegas,LV）中强表达,而在不耐热品种‘新十全’（Kordes＇Perfecta,KP）弱表达或不表达,表明该基因与月季耐热性关系密切。重组菌株提高了寄主大肠杆菌对高温、低温、重金属、高盐、高pH值、氧化等非生物胁迫的耐性,表明RcLEA参与了上述非生物胁迫的响应。[结论]该研究为后续该基因导入不耐热月季品种提高月季耐热品质及其机理研究提供了思路,也为月季等园林观赏植物的耐热品种筛选提供了理论支持。     

Prokaryotic Expression, Ascitic Polyclonal Antibody Preparation and Identification of Cashmere Goat Izumo1

Izumol is a novel member of the immunoglobulin superfamily locating on sperm, and is indispensable for sperm-egg fusion. According to its immunoglobulin-like domain in the extracellular region, Izumol was fractionated into 6 fragments (F0-F5) which were ligated with pGEX-4Tl to construct the prokaryotic expression vectors pGEX-Fn. The recombinant plasmids were transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) and the GST-Fn fusion proteins were expressed successfully by induction with IPTG. GST-FO, a recombinant fusion protein of GST with the full length of extracellular region of mature cashmere goat Izumol, was purified by polyacrylamide gel slicing method and was used as an antigen to immunize the Kunming mouse to generate anti-GST-Izumo1 ascetic polyclonal antibody with intraperitoneal injection of SI80 cells. Subsequently, the anti-GST-Izumol polyclonal antibody was purified with miscellaneous antigen by glutaraldehyde cross-linking method. Western blotting analysis showed that the purified ascetic polyclonal antibody had high affinity to all 6 GST-Izumo1 fragment fusion proteins. Immunohistochemical analysis with this antibody displayed that the cashmere goat Izumol proteins were at the equatorial segment of sperm head surface. These results indicate that this polyclonal antibody has high specificity and lays the foundations for further study on the expression pattern of Izumol in cashmere goat testis and binding abilities of each extra-membrane fragment of Izumol to the egg surface.     

Characterization of a Novel 1Ay Gene and Its Expression Protein in Triticum urartu

High molecular weight glutenin subunit （HMW-GS） plays an important role in determining dough property and breadmaking quality, and the exploration of novel genes for HMW-GS will be crucial for quality improvement program. A gene coding the y type HMW-GS at Glu-A1 locus in Triticum urartu （AA, 2n=2×= 14） with an electrophoretic mobility similar to that of 1Dyl2, was cloned, sequenced, and heterologously expressed. This novel active lay gene FJ404595 was confirmed by structure analyses of nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences combining with phylogenetic analysis. The open reading frame （ORF） of this gene was 1 830 bp, encoded a protein of 608 amino acid residues containing 46 hexapeptides and 14 nonapeptides, which was mostly similar to the lAy gene AM183223 at a high identity of 99.62% with the two substitutions of both leucine/proline and valine/glutamate, obviously different from the lAy gene EU984504 with 587 residues containing 44 hexapeptides and 13 nonapeptides in T. urartu. The amino acid （leucine） at 446 differed from that （proline） of all the eight compared active lAy subunits. The predicted secondary protein structure implied that this lAy subunit might also have positive impact on flour processing quality.     

Development and Validation of a Recombinant Envelop Glycoprotein Based Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to Detect the Antibody to REV

Based on the antigenic analysis of Reticuloendotheliosis virus （REV） envelop glycoprotein （env） protein, an alternative indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） for detection of REV antibody was developed using a truncated env protein of REV produced in Escherichia coli. This assay was validated by comparison with an indirect immunofluorescence assay （IFA） and a REV-based ELISA. The diagnostic sensitivity （DSN）, specificity （DSP） and accuracy of the env indirect-ELISA （ienv-ELISA） were 93.7, 93.3 and 93.6% compared with IFA on 1 380 field serum samples, and 84.8, 95.2 and 91.7% compared with the REV-based ELISA on 96 field sera, respectively. Cross-reactivity assay showed that this assay was REV-specific. Repeatability test revealed that the coefficients of variation of positive sera within and between runs were less than 15%. This method is simpler to produce and perform, time-saving and suitable for large scale survey of REV antibody at low cost.     

中间锦鸡儿FAD2基因拷贝数检测及组织表达谱分析

【目的】探索中间锦鸡儿基因组中FAD2基因的拷贝数,分析不同拷贝的表达模式,以期揭示不同拷贝在植物体内的功能分工。【方法】根据中间锦鸡儿(Caragana intermedia)FAD2基因的保守序列设计1对引物SF和SR,利用该引物对PCR扩增制备114 bp的Southern检测探针,探针进行地高辛标记后,采用罗氏Southern杂交试剂盒进行Southern检测。根据中间锦鸡儿3个FAD2基因各自的特异差异序列,分别设计定量PCR引物序列,以actin基因为内参,对中间锦鸡儿的根、茎、叶及不同发育时期(发芽15,25,35 d)种子的cDNA进行定量PCR分析。【结果】中间锦鸡儿FAD2基因至少有4个拷贝,且不同拷贝的表达模式不同。FAD2-2A基因在根和发育中期、后期的种子中低水平表达,在幼嫩的茎、叶以及发育早期的种子中高水平表达;FAD2-1A基因在根中的表达量最低,在种子发育早期、中期大量表达,在幼嫩叶子中表达水平也较高;FAD2-1B基因仅在种子发育中期大量表达,在其他组织及种子其他发育阶段的表达量均保持在本底水平。在不同组织以及种子的不同发育时期,FAD2-1A相对表达量的变化幅度最大,达到了近100倍,FAD2-1B次之,FAD2-2A最小。【结论】结合序列比对分析推测:FAD2-2A基因可能主要负责合成膜脂中的亚油酸,FAD2-1A主要负责种子及叶子贮脂中亚油酸的合成,FAD2-1B负责种子贮脂中油酸的去饱和作用。     

猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌Ⅱ型分泌蛋白结构与功能的研究

猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(APP)引起猪传染性胸膜肺炎,是猪的最重要呼吸道传染病之一。通过筛选APP 3～8 kb随机基因组文库,获得1株阳性克隆。测序拯救质粒得到序列,通过BLAST分析确定此片段为APP Ⅱ型分泌蛋白基因,预计成熟蛋白分子量为45.716 KD。根据序列设计特异性引物PCR扩增该基因,分子克隆表达该Ⅱ型分泌蛋白。Western blot结果表明,该蛋白与APP康复期血清发生反应;研究还发现,纯化的Ⅱ型分泌蛋白能结合C3。     

基于Gateway技术的植物表达载体的构建

【目的】为方便基于植物瞬时表达技术的高通量功能基因筛选,利用Gateway技术实现植物表达载体和表达文库的构建,将35S启动子和Gateway技术入门载体pDONR222的同源重组区连接到植物表达载体pCAMBIA0380上,构建Gateway技术兼容的植物表达载体。【方法】分别扩增35S启动子与pDONR222上attP特异识别序列之间的功能区,并将其依次连入根癌农杆菌(Agrobacterium tume faciens)介导的植物表达载体pCAM-BIA0380的多克隆位点区,利用带有attB特异识别区域的GUS基因,对构建的载体功能进行测试。【结果】成功构建了基于Gateway技术的植物表达载体p1104D;载体重组基因的选择性测试结果表明,p1104D对目的基因片段的大小无严格选择性;载体重组效率测试结果表明,p1104D重组平均滴度为5.11×105cfu/mL;GUS报告基因瞬间表达试验结果表明,改造后的载体可以实现目标基因的顺利表达。【结论】基于Gateway技术的植物表达载体p1104D的构建,为实现cDNA文库的高效构建和目标基因的高通量功能筛选提供了可能,有望推动植物-病原互作研究中关键基因的鉴定与克隆。     

利用烟草表达重组人胰岛素原的初步研究

按植物偏爱密码子设计合成了228 bp带his-tag(6×his)人胰岛素原基因(hmins),随后构建了植物双元表达载体p35S::hmins(骨架质粒是pCAMBIA2300),通过冻融法导入根癌农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)EHA105制备工程菌,用农杆菌介导法转化烟草叶盘.经卡那霉素(50 mg·L-1)筛选获得98株抗性植株,PCR和southern blotting分析确认获得了6株独立转基因烟草,hmins在转基因烟草基因组中的拷贝数介于2-4;RT-PCR和western blotting分析结果表明,hmins在转基因烟草中成功表达(转录和翻译水平);ELISA结果显示,hmins在转基因烟草叶片中表达量为0.5～1.1μg·g-1·FW.该研究为植物源胰岛素研制做了必要的前期准备.